After reading Brown v. Board of Education, this is the summary I came up with:
During this time period black and white children were in different schools. This went back to the "Separate but Equal idea". Problem was, the black schools weren't anywhere near as good as white schools, making equality a joke. In Topeka Kansas Linda Brown had to walk one mile through a railroad switchyard just to get to her black school even though there was a much closer white school. Oliver Brown, Linda's father, tried to enroll her in the white elementary school, but it didn't go through, so Brown went to the NAACP for help, and the NAACP jumped on the opportunity. It went to the Supreme Court and the judges realized that the segregation created a feeling of inferiority in the black kids, so ruled in favor of Brown, overturning the decision made in Plessy v. Ferguson. After this, segregation in schools, not social areas, became illegal.
My Source for this:
Brown v. Board of Education